"A grant for $750,000 from the NASA Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) will support research into the biogeochemistry of planetary ices, complex ice/brine/sediment systems, and ice interactions with spacecraft materials. An additional $500,000 grant from the NASA Solar System Workings) program will fund a detailed geochemical investigation into ice cores grown from five distinct chemistries representing potential icy world oceans that will enable predictive simulation of the thermophysical and geochemical evolution of icy planetary systems."